Question: Which comes first, the nations starting to come against Israel [2] more aggressively or the reconstruction of the Temple?

Response: I don't think that either one of these two events depends upon or is related to the other. Nations have been aggressively trying to destroy Israel [2] for thousands of years. That opposition has been fervently practiced in the UN for the past 60 years.

Antichrist [3] will be the world ruler when the Temple is rebuilt, and it will have been by his approval. There will probably have been a false peace brokered before Antichrist [3] takes over the entire world. As a result of this seeming approval of Israel [2] by Antichrist [3], persecution will have eased briefly only to return with greater intensity as Satan realizes that his time is short.