To justify what is known as Reconstructionist, Dominionist, or Kingdom Now teaching, Old Testament promises for Israel are applied to the church. That Joshua was told to go in and possess the Promised Land is now taken to mean that the church must possess America and the world, which stretches God’s promise to Joshua far beyond that which Joshua was given. Even J. I. Packer confuses Christ’s call to proclaim the gospel with a call “to re-Christianize the North American milieu…[and] rebuild the ruins…[of] North American culture….”