Question: Are the soul and spirit the same?

Question: Could you please explain to me whether the soul and spirit are the same? If they are, why does the Word make a distinction between the two?

Response: First Thessalonians 5:23 clearly states, “I pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless….” How might one differentiate between the soul and spirit? Hebrews:4:12For the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.
See All... tells us that the Word of God is living and active and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the “dividing asunder of soul and spirit.” There is a distinction between soul and spirit and it takes an extremely sharp (i.e., supernatural) instrument to discern it. Consequently, any attempt at human definition must fall short. The soul is said to include the mind, the will, and the emotions. Jesus, in His humanity, said that His soul was “exceedingly sorrowful, even unto death…” (Matthew:26:38Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me.
See All.... See also Job:10:1My soul is weary of my life; I will leave my complaint upon myself; I will speak in the bitterness of my soul.
See All..., Psalm:119:28My soul melteth for heaviness: strengthen thou me according unto thy word.
See All..., Zechariah:11:8Three shepherds also I cut off in one month; and my soul lothed them, and their soul also abhorred me.
See All..., etc.).

Some might point out that Jesus was also troubled in His spirit: “When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you that one of you shall betray me” (John:13:21When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me.
See All...). It is clear that the spirit addresses issues beyond the mind, the will, and the emotions.

When He was dying on the Cross, Jesus committed His “spirit” into His Father’s hands (Luke:23:46And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost.
See All...). As for the human spirit, we know that at death it returns to the Lord who gave it (Ecclesiastes:12:7Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it.
See All...; 2 Corinthians:5:8We are confident, I say, and willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be present with the Lord.
See All..., Philippians:1:23For I am in a strait betwixt two, having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ; which is far better:
See All...). It was “souls” that stood before God. “And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the Word of God” (Revelation:20:4And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.
See All...). Although Scripture gives us no exact definitions of soul and spirit, from the verses quoted and many others, we are assured that they are different parts of the makeup of humans.